Twinlamps

Once the mainstay of multilane boulevards in the pre-expressway era, cast-iron twinlamps once decorated highways like the Grand Concourse in the Bronx and Queens Boulevard and Horace Harding Boulevard in Queens. They did appear in other situations, however, and I've captured two on this page.

City Hall Park (left) has become a repository of old streetlamps and contains a clutch of bishop crook poles and twinlamps. At left we see once such twinlamp that still boasts its bell-shaped luminaires, which were installed around 1940. The cast iron pole itself dates from much earlier in the century.

As of spring 2000 these have been refitted with sodium vapor pendant lights.

One of the three Twinlamps in Madison Square. This one is especially vulnerable to traffic since it is located on the Broadway/5th Avenue traffic island, but it's about to enter its eighth decade!

This one, like the other one above, features two Mission Bell luminaires that date to about 1940.

It is the commonest of the remaining forms of Twinlamps to exist in NYC streets today. The System Electric Companies pamphlet calls it a 'Type 24 Twin.'

Through the decades, this post gradually replaced the 'Type 3' posts in use since 1892 on Fifth Avenue, until by the 1960s, these twins outnumbered them. Of course, most of them were replaced by modern snakeneck posts by the mid-1960s.

The third ancient Twinlamp on 5th and 23rd is on the southwest corner.

By 2005, the front of the Flatiron Building had been filled with advertising.

Madison Square, at Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street, is home to three extant cast iron twinlamps. On the northeast corner stands one of the last existing original Fifth Avenue twinlamps (left, with the distictive Flatiron Building). They were created specifically to be used on The Queen Of Avenues in the late 1890s, and served the avenue proudly until they were replaced by the current double-snakeneck poles in 1964-65. The design was specified for use on 5th Avenue in 1910.

Closeup view of ornamental scrollwork on the 23rd Street/Madison Square post.

Photo: Bob Mulero

This 'Type 3 Twin', which stood at 5th Avenue and 25th Street until the mid-1980s, was one of two original 1892 Fifth Avenue posts that lasted all the way to the mid-1980s. The other stood at 5th Avenue and 17th Street. Both are long gone by now.

Photography: Robert Mulero, 1982

Two Type 3's survived until the mid-1980s on Fifth Avenue and East 15th and East 17th Streets. Photos: Bob Mulero.

Type 3's had three spring-shaped finials, one at the apex and two at either end of the crossbar. Each of these posts is missing one or more finials.

The original Fifth Avenue twinlamps bore subtle design differences from other twinlamps used in the city. Their arms were shorter and they had a globelike structure at the top of the shaft. As time went on, they became intermingled with the other style of twinlamp (see first photo) which was more commonplace throughout the city.

The 1934 System Electric Companies: Photographs of Street Lighting Equipment pamphlet refers to this post as 'Type 1 Twin.' It is NOT the original design from 1892, but is a close copy, since it combines the original twin top with a more substantial shaft and base.

Canal and West Streets featured a Twinlamp with subtle differences in the shaft and luminaire attachments. This pole had been removed, along with the trestle carrying the Miller Highway over Canal Street, by the mid-1980s.

There are plans for a new park in this site; perhaps new poles using a similar design will be installed.

Photography: Robert Mulero, 1982

Battered survivor, Rockaway Boulevard at JFK Airport, 1986. This post was removed shortly afterward. Photo: Bob Mulero.

Above we see the twinlamp still lighting Sixth Avenue and Walker Street after many decades. Since Sixth Avenue was not extended south to Church Street until the 1920s, the lamp probably dates from that period.

The stretch of Fifth Avenue between Madison Square and the Empire State Building still boasts five twinlamps. This one at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 28th Street is fitted with cup-shaped luminaires installed around the end of the 1940s. This pole has probably seen four generations of luminaires: the oval-shaped bulbs it wore from 1895-1915 (see above), the white acorn-shaped globe from about 1915-1938, then bell-shaped globes which were interchangable with the cup-shaped ones seen here.

In the City Hall area across from the Woolworth building, the DOT has been committing the blasphemy of jamming retro-Twinlamp designs on top of existing guy-wired stoplight poles.

Until the mid-1980s, the Walker Street twinlamp at 6th Avenueboasted two of the increasingly rare Gumball-type luminaires. Commoner in other parts of the country, 'Gumballs' were becoming scarce in NYC streets by the 1950s.

Photography: Robert Mulero, 1982

In the early 1980s, many of the classic old cast iron streetlamps were desecrated with the indignity of having to wear the ugly bucket-shaped luminaires which were then necessary to carry the bright sodium vapor lights that were neded as city crime increased.

Since that time though, technology has improved and the new sodes are housed in retro luminaires that copy the old designs.

As of 1999, this lamppost has lost its central finial If it's crumbling, it may be endangered.

The graceful twinlamps, along with buildings recognized worldwide like the Flatiron Building, symbolize New York City.

Madison Avenue and East 43rd Street, mid-1960s

This magnificent specimen, though marred by the intrusion of sodium "bucket lights" still guards proudly Alexander Hamilton Square, formed by Amsterdam Avenue, Hamilton Place and West 143rd Street. Alexander Hamilton's residence, The Grange, is a block east on Convent Avenue. Note the extra ornamentation on the shaft and base.

The System Electric Companies pamphlet refers to this as a Type 6 Twin. It used to have an even more distinctive top, but it was replaced in the intervening years with the common variety of twinlamp top.

The post as it appeared in 1980. Photo: Bob Mulero

The post in 2005, showing the scrollwork detail.

The twinlamper at left stood at Fifth Avenue and 14th Street. In this 1899 view, we see the original electric fixtures on the castiron poles, which look rather ostentatious to us now.

Fifth Avenue boasted a great number of these poles from the 1892 well into the 1960s, when they were replaced by the current snakeneck twinlampers. Even in the 30s and 40s, some of these distinctive poles were replaced by more conventional castiron twinlampers shown below.

On Queens Boulevard in the 1930s, its set of twinlamps supported overhead wires for trolleys. Queens Boulevard's set of twinlamps were in place until 1969!

Note the little mailbox attached to the signpost. They had a slot at the top to admit letters, but packages had to be brought to the post offices. They've all but been replaced by the present day curved top blue mailboxes, but a few do remain, if you know where to look.

Twinlamps, and other castiron NYC lampposts, are classified by catalog. In 1934, the NYC Bureau Of Gas and Electricity (which like today's Department of Transportation) was responsible for streetlighting) published The System Electric Companies: Photographs of Street Lighting Equipment As Of November 1, 1934. The pamphlet gave code numbers to every type of streetlight in NYC, identifying 76 types! Of those 76, only 19 have representative samples today.

The original Fifth Avenue poles are classified by the pamphlet as Type 3 Twins. Originally installed in conjunction with the 1892 Columbian Exposition commemorating the 400th anniversary of Columbus' arrival in the New World, these posts were installed, one to an intersection, on 5th Avenue from Washington Square north to 59th Street and later, to 110th Street.

Thanks to Robert Mulero for help with this page.

Questions? Complaints? Suggestions?

E mail me at erpietri@earthlink.net.

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Last revised 3/30/05